: The U.S. Navy and Army Circumference Method
For large-scale organizations like the military, high-tech scans are not always feasible. In 2026, the U.S. Navy Circumference Method remains a standard "tape test." It uses an equation based on the subject's height and the circumference of their neck, waist (at the navel), and hips (for women). This method estimates fat based on the "apple" or "pear" shape distribution.
In June 2023, the Army updated its protocols to include a "one-site" tape test (waist only) and allowed for supplemental assessments via DXA or BIA if a soldier fails the tape test. While the tape test is the least accurate of the 2026 professional methods (with a typical error of ±3–6%), it remains in use because it requires no equipment other than a non-stretchable measuring tape.